Veraxis

joined 2 years ago
[–] [email protected] 2 points 6 months ago

No problem! Yeah, as long as you have the space, I think this would be a good way to repurpose an old junker PC. I imagine a quick search of something along the lines of "how to configure a samba server" should bring up some decent tutorials.

[–] [email protected] 9 points 6 months ago (2 children)

I use an older HP thin client PC with a 4TB solid state drive as an SFTP file server using vsftpd, but if you are local only then an SMB server using samba would probably be fine. I use SFTP because I wanted something a bit more secure which I can port-forward with my router on a random higher-numbered port for remote access.

I mostly taught myself how to do this by looking at guides originally meant for the raspberry pi, but there is nothing different about running these same programs on Debian or the like. Personally, I would not recommend a raspbery pi for a large file server, as they do not natively support SSDs without additional hardware which will make the price significantly higher and less self-contained than a used, older-gen thin-client PC which can be had for relatively low cost on places like ebay (though they do make some fairly high capacity micro SD cards these days).

Hardware-wise, generally these types of servers are not CPU intensive, nor do they require any particularly high amount of RAM, so an older-gen or lower power CPU can often work fine, but you should probably make sure to get something with at least gigabit ethernet speeds, as a 100Mbit connection on, say, a raspberry pi 3 or older will be very slow for transferring large files.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 6 months ago (1 children)

I mostly learned from some of the terminal customization which came stock with Manjaro when I was first learning Linux. So when I made the jump to Arch, I customized my terminal with fsh with the powerlevel10k theme and text highlighting. I also modified some of the default text colors to a green color to evoke green phosphor CRT terminals.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

Daily Arch user here. The process of configuring an Arch install is perhaps not as difficult or mystical as you are imagining. I would say it is more like your first analogy: picking what off-the-shelf parts you want for a system and then putting them into a case. I think what you are describing is more like Linux from Scratch.

Installing Arch is effectively taking the steps performed by the installer .iso disks which every distro uses and instead doing it manually with CLI commands. You use CLI commands to partition the drive, create a filesystem, install a basic set of packages, then chroot into your system and use the package manager to install the rest of the packages you want. Aside from editing a couple config files, there is zero coding involved. The exact steps vary from guide to guide, but a basic outline of what I do is as follows:

  • First, I download the Arch iso and write it to a USB.

  • Once I boot up the install USB, I use iwctl to connect to my wifi for the packages I will need to download,

  • then I use fdisk to partition the drive I want to install to with an EFI and linux filesystem partition (You might also make a swap partition at this step but I typically use a swap file on my filesystem partition).

  • then you use mkfs to create filesystems on the EFI and linux filesystem partitions.

  • Then I use genfstab to make the /etc/fstab file

  • Then, I use pacstrap to install the base packages like pacman. Then I mount the filesystem and chroot into the new partition.

  • From there, I basically use pacman to install all the packages I need, including the linux kernel (I use linux-zen), the DE (I use KDE), the boot manager (I use Refind), and everything else. There are a few cleanup steps like setting the locales and time zones, etc. but that is about it.

I suggest watching a guide on youtube, which was how I learned, or installing something like Arcolinux or Endeavour, which simplifies the installer into a series of checkboxes to select what DE you want, etc.

 

I have a new install of Debian 12 Bookworm, and I have added the nonfree firmware sources to my sources list.

However, when I run apt search firmware-linux I see three options

firmware-linux

firmware-linux-free [installed, automatic]

firmware-linux-nonfree

I would like to use nonfree firmware, but I am confused by that first option. what does firmware-linux include or not include that is different from firmware-linux-nonfree? Which should I install?

 

To clarify, I am not talking about making installation media. My installation USB works just fine. What I want to do is install Debian 12 Bookworm to a second USB drive to use as the permanent boot drive for a machine.

As for why I want to do this: I have a small HP elitedesk 800 G3 mini-pc. It has both an NVMe drive and a 2.5" SATA drive. I want to turn it into a file server with RAID 1 between the NVMe and SATA drives, with a USB drive in the back as the boot drive (yes I know about the issues of wear-out from running an OS from a USB drive. I am okay with this).

My procedure so far has been simple: insert both the installation USB and the target USB. I am able to detect and install the OS to the target USB without issue. The system then reboots and I am able to log into the OS from the USB drive (performance depends a lot on the speed of the USB drive being used, I have tried a few different types and settled on an abnormally fast USB drive which performs pretty well as far as I can tell).

However, as soon as I shut down from that first boot and remove the install USB, the next time I boot, the BIOS says "boot device not found" as though it cannot detect any OS. And after that I am completely unable to boot into that drive ever again. I have gone into the BIOS and changed as many settings as I can think of, such as turning off secure boot, turning off fast boot, verifying that the boot order is set to boot from USB. Nothing so far has worked.

Does anyone have any thoughts for what could be wrong? I know sometimes booting from a USB is treated differently from booting from a internal drive, but I am unclear on the exact details of this.

Any help would be much appreciated.

[–] [email protected] 6 points 2 years ago

I could see that being the case for some things, at least in cases where it is an older design being updated or VE'd. Perhaps some sourcing person changes the LED part number on the AVL and forgets to check with engineering whether the resistor value which goes with it is a sane level of brightness still.

[–] [email protected] 44 points 2 years ago (2 children)

Electrical engineer here who also does hobby projects. I'm with you. I think some of the reason may be that modern GaN-type green or blue LEDs are absurdly efficient, so only a couple mA of drive current is enough to make them insanely bright.

When I build LEDs into my projects, for a simple indicator light, I might run them at maybe only a tenth of a milliamp and still get ample brightness to tell whether it is on or not in a lit room. Giving them the full rated 10 or 20mA would be blindingly bright. I also usually design most things with a hard on/off switch so they can be turned all the way off when not in use.

Of things I own normally I also have two power strips with absurdly bright LEDs to indicate the surge protection. It lights up my whole living room with the lights off. If I had to have something like that in my bedroom, I would probably open it up and disconnect the LEDs in some way, or maybe modify the resistor values to run at the lowest current I could get away with.

I feel like designers have lost sight of the fact that these lights are meant to be indicators only-- i.e. a subtle indication of the status of something and not trying to light a room-- and yet they default to driving them at full blast as if they were the super dim older-gen LEDs from 20+ years ago.