user134450

If you want to be super exact about it it would be roughly 4 times the mass of limescale + mass of already dissolved CaCO~3~ in your tap water (you can look that up if you know the hardness index of your water).

But really just don't be stingy with citric acid and it will be fine is what i am saying.

Here is the math:

::: spoiler Spoiler

2 frac {210.14 g/mol } {100.0869 g/mol} approx 4.2

Note that citric acid works a bit more nuanced than many other descalers: it acts as a chelating agent at high concentrations (2x the Ca2+ concentration) and is more effective at removing scale because of this effect, but at lower concentrations the effect might actually be reversed because it can form solid calcium citrate, which has a very low solubility in water.

If you are using citric acid based descaler you should make sure that you are always using enough of it to avoid the formation of calcium citrate.

I think they are referring to Uranium with natural isotopic abundance. Which is complete bullshit when you put a picture of a nuclear power plant behind it – which in most cases can not function with the natural isotopic abundance (heavy water reactors being the exception, not the rule).

first you would need to know what COP you could reasonably get, which among other things depends on the average outside temperature during heating season if you want to use an air sourced heat pump.

The COP can be in a largish spectrum depending on these factors but typical values are 3.5 for average homes in temperate climate. Higher if you live in a warmer climate and lower if you live closer to the arctic. If you want to really do the math it might be good to get help from a professional specialising in heat pumps.

Edit: this is for heating use only. A heat pump can also be used for cooling but then the climate effect is inverted.

Indeed. atetheonion might contain a bunch of idiocy, but i would not be offended by being included there just because i was sceptical of something.

Uhhh you realize there are muskets hanging on the wall, right? I think its fair to say they don't just make swords :)

also: you can calculate the carnot cycle efficiency of a solar cell as if it was a classical heat-power-machine, even though it has no visible moving parts.

the reason why this works and yields realistic results is because the basic principles of thermodynamics stay the same no matter if you are working with steam, combustion gasses or photons and electron gas inside a semiconductor.

downvote for lack of feathers. smh.

that sounds almost exactly like the Reichsbürger in Germany. They also claim the current German state is actually just a corporation and the laws of the German empire are somehow still applicable. They also create their own passports. And of course they are deeply interconnected with Neo-nazis.

you mean turing complete?

oh i must have missed a few orders of magnitude there. 6Mt of helium is a ridiculous amount though ... what is all that used for? according to WA that is about the water volume of the three gorges dam at STP

Edit: just read the report, wow, more than a quarter of all the helium is used just for "breathing mixes" which i assume means its for scuba diving.